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Western Satraps
The Western Satraps, Western Kshatrapas, or Kshaharatas (35–405) were Saka rulers of the western and central part of India (Saurashtra and Malwa: modern Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh states).
They were contemporaneous with the Kushans who ruled the northern part of the Indian subcontinent and were possibly their overlords, and the Satavahana (Andhra) who ruled in Central India. They are called "Western" in contrast to the "Northern" Indo-Scythian satraps who ruled in the area of Mathura, such as Rajuvula, and his successors under the Kushans, the "Great Satrap" Kharapallana and the "Satrap" Vanaspara.〔Kharapallana and Vanaspara are known from an inscription discovered in Sarnath, and dated to the 3rd year of Kanishka, in which they were paying allegiance to the Kushanas. Source: "A Catalogue of the Indian Coins in the British Museum. Andhras etc." Rapson, p ciii〕 Although they called themselves "Satraps" on their coins, leading to their modern designation of "Western Satraps", Ptolemy in his 2nd century "Geographia" still called them "Indo-Scythians".〔Ptolemy, "Geographia", Chap 7〕 The power of the Saka rulers started to decline in the 2nd century CE after the Saka rulers were defeated by the south Indian Emperor Gautamiputra Satakarni of the Satavahana dynasty.〔World history from early times to A D 2000 by B .V. Rao: p.97〕 Later the Saka kingdom was completely destroyed by Chandragupta II of the Gupta Empire in the 4th century CE.〔Ancient India by Ramesh Chandra Majumdar p. 234〕
Altogether, there were 27 independent Western Satrap rulers during a period of about 350 years. The word ''Kshatrapa'' stands for ''satrap'', itself descended from Old Persian and which means viceroy or governor of a province.
==History==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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